My reading marathon continues, now I finished reading
the Golem and Kuhn´s The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Kuhn´s answer to
accusations of relativism in the postscript was not very decisive, basically he said: “well if
that is what it means to be a relativist, than I am a relativist”. However I
did like his initial argument comparing the progression of science to Darwin’s
natural selection, in claiming that there is no teleological cause to the
progression of science. Meaning there can never be a Theory of Everything, as scientific progression does not function
this way.
But the most interesting lesson I take away
from reading the book was a remark he made in the end of the book. He wrote:
“Unlike the engineer,
and many doctors, and most theologians, the scientist need not choose problems
because they urgently need solution and without regard for the tools available
to solve them. In this respect, also, the contrast between natural scientists
and many social scientists proves instructive. The latter often tend, as the former
almost never do, to defend their choice of a research problem … chiefly in
terms of the social importance of achieving a solution. Which group would one
then expect to solve problems at a more rapid rate?” (Kuhn 1970: 164 The Structure of Scientific Revolutions 2nd
edition)
There he remarks on the differences of mature
sciences (with established paradigms) and other human endeavors. Now I clearly
agree with Kuhn’s notion that the mature sciences have a highly efficient way
of dealing and defining puzzles. However it struck me while
reading this that ALL social science usually has to grapple with issues of
social importance into defining their research. If this does not constitute a paradigm,
than at least it is a paradigm-like mechanism defining social research conduct
by deciding what areas of research are important and which are not.
Social importance along with political correctness
defines what is a ‘good-way-of-conduct’
and what is bad research. For example: feminism and sustainable development are
clearly defining areas of inquiry for social scientists. However it also can
decide what is bad research, like in the case of the The Bell Curve, which was condemned by finding a socially unacceptable
result.
Now I don´t know if I kick in open doors here,
but it seems to me that STS and SSK as of today has a pretty good understanding
of the natural science in general, however the social sciences seem poorer understood.
In a lecture about the Golem of Science Trevor
Pinch remarked that science students (referring to natural science) are generally
too busy doing science, to know what science ‘really’ is, remarking on the justification
for the need of STS and SSK.
Now it seems to me that the same should be true
for social science students, should it not? What is a proper way of conduct in
the social science, lacking a paradigm like structure? How are debates resolved
in the social sciences, lacking physical experiments? Pinch and Collins
remarked in their book the Golem, just as a side note, that there are substantial
differences between debates in physics and biology, what are the importance
factors, how are they resolved etc. So why shouldn’t there be differences
between let’s say physiology and economics?
In a dreaming mood I envisioned a future,
maybe 25 years from now, where the same work that today has been done on the
natural science was done on the social sciences. That courses could be given to
social science students, covering such subjects as: What is this thing we call social science? or the materiality of human geography, giving social science students
a framework to their own disciplines similar to the courses today for natural
science students.
No comments:
Post a Comment